Yes, it is possible to charge a battery and transfer data simultaneously over a USB-C port, a feature enabled by the USB Power Delivery (USB-PD) standard, which allows for bidirectional data and power flow. However, both the device being charged and the power source (such as a PC or dock) must support USB-PD for this to work. Without it, charging and data transfer may not be possible at the same time, or power delivery might be limited.