Have used all of these, but own only the 17-35 at present. That lens has been with me since 1999.
In my opinion, they are all good to excellent and any one could serve as the main wide-angle zoom lens. One hardly has use for all of them.
The 17-35 is the fastest, the 16-35 the slowest, and 18-35 the lightest. From my notes I see the 16-35 did perform well in IR, had a useful VR function, and a complex geometric distortion at the wider end. The latest incarnation of the 18-35 has excellent resistance to flare and ghosting and an overall pleasing image quality. The 17-35 is solid and robust, handles strong light sources with aplomb although over the years will show more flare (due to the inevitable internal dust, I assume), and has lower contrast wide open than the others. It also has the advantage to some users, myself included, of offering an aperture ring.